Fine Ceramic Wares Are a Most Significant Art Form in Style

Types of Art
Categories, Forms and Classification of Visual Arts and Crafts.
MAIN A-Z INDEX

Nationale Nederlanden Building,
Prague."The Dancing House". An
iconic example of Deconstructivism,
a fashion of contemporary architecture
pioneered by Frank O. Gehry.

DEFINITION OF VISUAL Art
Always since the controversial works of Marcel Duchamp, advanced artists take been pushing the boundaries of their profession to breaking point. Installations, found-objects, conceptual works, and film, are just some of the media which accept been employed to augment the contemporary aesthetic. A flattened motor car has been presented as an important work of assemblage art; a expressionless shark has been pickled and turned into an installation; a "man skull" has been 'recreated', studded with precious jewels and turned into a piece of contemporary sculpture; and, to cap it all, an exhibition of gimmicky art opened last year at the Pompidou Centre in Paris, consisting of 8 empty rooms.
Art Evaluation: How to Capeesh Art.

Basic Definitions of Art

• Art: Definition and Meaning
The meaning of dazzler and art is explored in the branch of philosophy called aesthetics. For more definitions, come across the post-obit:
• Art
Includes: drawing, painting, sculpture and printmaking.
• Visual Art
Includes: fine arts, certain contemporary arts (eg. installation, performance) and decorative arts.
• Decorative Fine art
Broadly synonymous with crafts. Encounter also: Arts and Crafts Movement.
• Applied Art
Includes: compages, industrial-design, fashion/effects-design, interior-blueprint etc.
• Crafts
Broadly synonymous with decorative arts. Encounter also: Feminist Art (1970s).
• Fine art Glossary
Explanation of all basic terms.

IMPORTANCE OF DRAWING
Ever since the Stone Age, painters have been forced to motility with the times. Prehistoric artists painted with lumpy pigment crayons and pads of moss, before upgrading to brushes made of vegetable fibre and animal pilus. For colour pigments they used 3 varieties of clay ochre, (red, yellow and brownish), and charcoal for black. By the time of the Centre Ages, artists had adult both encaustic and egg-tempera painting methods, and were soon to explore the lustrous advantages of oils. New colour pigments came and went, as did a serial of paint containers and colour charts. Lastly, during the 1940s - about 32 Millennia since the outset cave paintings - chemists devised fast-drying acrylic paints. But despite all these developments in the art of painting, painters still had to draw their own images. At present, things are changing.

Digital and computer art is upon u.s., which means that anyone with whatsoever proficiency in software design programs can produce a drawing at the drop of a lid. And life drawing is now seen by many equally an old-fashioned and unnecessary waste of time. Unfortunately, when artists stop learning how to draw, figurative art flies out the window, and video art takes over.

NON-REPRESENTATIONAL ART
The ongoing debate about "What constitutes art?" is not a trivial squabble between dessicated academics. It'south an important cultural issue for huge numbers of people. For case, as more activities become accustomed as "art", so these activities discover their mode into the curricula of our best art schools, sometimes with unfortunate results. Terminal year, I visited a Graduate Prove staged by one of Ireland's superlative fine art colleges. Out of many hundred exhibits, I was impressed by the artistic claim of perhaps three works - 2 of which were past the aforementioned artist! Near of the other works, which were nearly all abstract, seemed to me to be sloppily executed, and lacking any creative bear upon - a fairly dire thing to say well-nigh such a major showcase of young talent. Plain the testify's organizers idea differently, so possibly my sense of artful appreciation has deserted me. Either that, or else it'due south a sobering example of The Emperor'due south New Wearing apparel.

HOW TO EVALUATE Art
Every attempt to define "expert" fine art is doomed to frustration. Allowing the free market to make up one's mind may audio reasonable, except that sale prices place Damien Hirst every bit the best always British artist, which sounds a flake dodgy. Besides, at that place are hundreds of dark, uninteresting but mega-valuable Old Master paintings quietly deteriorating in museums around the world, whose monetary value bears no relation to their "beauty". As for the and so-called "priceless" Greek sculptures in the Louvre - the one-armed, 1-legged, no-head variety, like the Venus di Milo - would you want any of them in your sitting room? I dubiety it. The lesson? Expensive art isn't always skilful art. Okay, so how else tin we decide what constitutes a worthy artwork? How about letting the Arts Council decide? Err, no thanks. We practice that already, and information technology's a disaster. A committee of independent critics? Hmm, perhaps not: look what happened to the Turner prize. Is bailiwick thing a guide? For case, is representational or figurative art better than abstraction? No. Some of the most beautiful decorative works are completely devoid of recognizable features, while a superrealist painting or sculpture can sometimes exit us cold. The truth is, "good" or "beautiful" fine art is practically indefinable. Arguably, its existence hinges on a magical combination of shape and colour, which cannot be pre-selected, otherwise Volkswagen would manufacture it.

ART HAS RARITY VALUE ONLY
Every so often we hear that a painting or cartoon by some famous artist has been bought at Sotheby's or Christie's for $10 million or perchance $l million. A recent example was the $100 million paid for a screenprint (8 Elvises) by Andy Warhol. Did the news make us asphyxiate over our breakfast? Probably not. After all, people practise pay huge prices for rare objects. Even so, information technology'due south very confusing, considering it gives the impression that a painting has an objective or intrinsic value, sometimes reaching into the millions. Simply the truth is, a painting has no intrinsic value - only rarity. Even its beauty or artful appeal tin be caused by buying a print, at a fraction of the cost of the original. When it comes to a Monet, a Van Gogh or a Titian, none of this matters considering the rarity value justifies a hefty toll-tag, just when it comes to works of art past ordinary mortals, beware! - the $20,000 price-tag for the work of an established small artist can include a large "fashion" premium, that tin disappear overnight. All this explains why the contemporary fine art market has nosedived, while demand for rare Old Masters and Moderns remains comparatively buoyant.

SEPARATION OF ARTS & CRAFTS
"Fine art", traditionally the premier form of visual inventiveness, is supposedy a drawing-based acivity, practised mainly for its aesthetic value ("art for art's sake") rather than its functionality. In contrast, the 2nd-class category, known as "decorative fine art" (the new word for crafts), refers to things like ceramics, tapestry, enamelling, metalwork, stained drinking glass, textiles, and others, which are accounted to exist ornamental or decorative, rather than intellectual or spiritual. So to recap: arts are cute useless things that drag the senses - example, the Mona Lisa; whereas crafts prettify functional objects - example, a tea loving cup with a handpainted design. I don't know which painter/sculptor or regime ceremonious servant first proposed this cool distinction, but it lingers on in all its ugly illogicality. Take architecture, for instance. This has always been regarded as a fine art, despite being the ultimate instance of utility - but ask whatsoever architect. Advertising posters past the likes of (say) Toulouse Lautrec and Alphonse Mucha are also seen every bit fine art, despite beingness the embodiment of decorative functionalism. On the other hand, a beautiful tapestry or stained glass window is regarded as mere ornamentalism, irrespective of the degree of artistic designwork and adroitness involved. And if you think all this is pointless and confusing, wait till you encounter "practical fine art", a term which is now used to draw a more design-oriented category of decorative art.

A-Z Types of Art

• Animation Fine art
Derived from the Latin meaning "to exhale life into", animation is the visual art of creating a motion motion picture from a serial of still drawings. Among the groovy twentieth century animators are J. Stuart Blackton, George McManus, Max Fleischer, and Walt Disney.
• Architecture
All-time understood equally the applied art of building design. Historically has exerted meaning influence on the evolution of fine fine art, through architectural styles like Gothic, Baroque and Neoclassical. For the origins of skyscraper pattern, see: 19th Century Architecture; for its characteristics and development, see: Skyscraper Compages (1850-present); for technical details, see: Chicago School of Architecture; for historical context, see: American Architecture (1600-nowadays).
• Art Brut
Painting, drawing, sculpture by artists on the margin of guild, or in mental hospitals, or children. (English category is Outsider art.)
• Assemblage Art
A gimmicky form of sculpture, comparable to collage, in which a work of art is built up or "assembled" from 3-D materials - typically "institute" objects.
• Body Art
One of the oldest (and newest) forms - includes body painting and face painting, as well every bit tattoos, mime, "living statues" and (near recently) "performances" past artists like Marina Abramovic and Carole Schneemann.
• Calligraphy
This art, practised widely in the Far E and among Islamic artists, is regarded by the Chinese as the highest course of art.
• Ceramics
A type of plastic art, ceramics refers to items made from clay and broiled in a kiln. See aboriginal pottery from China and Greece, beneath. Two of the foremost European ceramicists are the English artist Bernard Howell Leach (1887-1979), and the Frenchman Camille Le Tallec (1908-91).
• Christian Art
This is mostly Biblical Art, or at least works derived from the Bible. Information technology includes Protestant Reformation fine art and Cosmic Counter-Reformation art, also as Jewish themes. See also: Early Christian sculpture and also: Early Christian Fine art.
• Collage
Composition consisting of various materials like newspaper cuttings, cardboard, photos, fabrics and the like, pasted to a board or canvas. May be combined with painting or drawings.
• Computer Art
All computer-generated forms of fine or applied art, including computer-controlled types. Too known equally Digital, Cybernetic or Internet art.
• Conceptual Art
A contemporary art form that places primacy on the concept or idea behind a piece of work of art, rather than the piece of work itself. Leading conceptual artists include: Allan Kaprow (b.1927), and Joseph Beuys (1921-86) the former Professor of Monumental Sculpture at the Dusseldorf Academy, whose dedication earned him a retrospective at the Samuel R Guggenheim Museum (New York).
• Design (Creative)
This refers to the plan involved in creating something co-ordinate to a prepare of aesthetics. Examples of creative design movements include: Art Nouveau, Art Deco, De Stijl, Bauhaus, Ulm Design School and Postmodernism.
• Cartoon
A drawing tin can be a complete work, or a type of preparatory sketching for a painting or sculpture. A central issue in art concerns the relative importance of drawing (line) versus color.
- chalk
- charcoal
- conte crayon
- pastel
- pen and ink
- pencil
For a selection of the greatest sketches by some of the finest draftsmen in history, please see: All-time Drawings of the Renaissance (1400-1550).
• Folk Fine art
Mostly crafts and utilitarian applied arts made by rural artisans.
• French Furniture
The greatest furniture was created during the 17th/18th centuries by French Designers at the Regal Courtroom, in the Louis Quatorze, Quinze and Seize styles. For a short guide, see: French Decorative Arts (1640-1792).
• Graffiti Art
Contemporary course of street droplets spray painting which emerged in Eastward Declension American cities during the late 1960s/early 1970s. Famous graffiti artists include Jean-Michel Basquiat (1960-88), Keith Haring (1958-90) and Banksy.
• Graphic Art
Types of visual expression defined more by line and tone (disegno), rather than color (colorito). Includes drawing, cartoons, caricature art, comic strips, illustration, blitheness and calligraphy, also as all forms of traditional printmaking. Also includes postmodernist styles of word art (text-based graphics).
• Icons (Icon Painting)
Ranks aslope mosaic fine art as the well-nigh popular type of Eastern Orthodox religious art. Closely associated with Byzantine art, and after, Russian icon painters.
• Illuminated Manuscripts
This principally refers to religious texts (Christian, Islamic, Jewish) embellished with figurative illustrations and/or abstruse geometric designs, exemplified by Book of Kells.
• Installation
A new category of contemporary art, which employs various 2-D and 3-D materials to create a particular space designed to brand an impact on the viewer/visitor. Turner Prize Winner Damien Hirst and Tracey Emin are famous installation artists.
• Analogy
A grade of painting, cartoon or other graphic art which explains, clarifies, pictorializes or decorates written text.
• Jewellery Art
Practised by goldsmiths, every bit well as other master-craftsmen similar silversmiths, gemologists, diamond cutters/setters and lapidaries.
• Junk Art
Artworks fabricated from ordinary, everyday materials, or "plant objects", of which Marcel Duchamp's "readymades" are a sub-category. Typically includes 3-D works like sculpture, assemblage, collage or installations.
• Land Fine art
A relatively new category of contemporary art, also chosen Earth fine art, earthworks, or Environmental art, it was led past Robert Smithson (1938-73), and emerged in America during the 1960s as a reaction against the commercial art world.
• Metalwork Art
Embraces goldsmithing, the fashioning of precious metals into objets d'art, every bit well as enamelwork techniques similar cloisonné, plique-a-jour, champlevé, and encrusted enamelling. See: Celtic Metalwork. For more modern works, encounter besides: Fabergé Easter Eggs.
• Mosaic Art
An aboriginal fine art class, developed past Aboriginal Greek and Byzantine artists, which creates pictorial designs out of glass tesserae. For its high signal during the Centre Ages, come across: Ravenna Mosaics (c.400-600) and Christian Byzantine Art (c.400-1200).
• Outsider Art
Artworks by painters/sculptors outside mainstream culture; may exist mentally ill, or untutored and uneducated: (French equivalent is Art Brut).
• Painting
Since classical antiquity the highest form of Western art, painting has been dominated past Renaissance-mode "Academic Art". Until the invention of pre-mixed paints and the collapsible paint tube in the mid-19th century, painters had to create their ain colour pigments from natural plants and metal compounds. Come across color in painting. Famous painting movements or schools include: Early on/HighRenaissance, Mannerism, Baroque, Rococo, Neoclassical, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post Impressionism, Fauvism, Expressionism, Cubism, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, Op-Art, Pop Fine art, Minimalism, Photorealism, and others.
- acrylics
- encaustic painting
- fresco painting
- gouache
- ink and wash
- boom art
- oils
- miniature painting
- console painting
- tempera painting
- watercolours
- and more than
• Performance Art (and Happenings)
A 20th century art form involving a live functioning past the artist earlier an audience. The form was explored and developed by exponents of Futurism, Constructivism, Dada, Surrealism and later gimmicky art movements.
• Photography
A 20th century medium by which the artist captures pictorial images on film as opposed to the traditional fine art supports of sail, newspaper or board. New computer software graphics programs have created new opportunities for editing and image manipulation. Run across also: Is Photography Fine art? Foremost amidst exponents of photographic art is the American Ansel Adams, a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Guggenheim fellow and recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, noted for his blackness-and-white photographs of the American West. The leading contemporary Irish lens-based artist is Victor Sloan (b.1945).
• Poster Art
Peaked during the French Belle Epoque and the Fine art Nouveau era.
• Primitive Art
Associated with Aboriginal, African, Oceanic and other tribal cultures; also embraces Outsider art.
• Printmaking
The process of making original prints by pressing an inked block or plate onto a receptive support surface, typically paper. Among great modern exponents of fine art printmaking (eg. woodcuts, engraving, etching, lithography and silkscreen) are the American artist James McNeill Whistler (1834–1903), the French creative person Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901), the Dutch graphic artist MC Escher (1898-1972), Willem de Kooning (1904-97) and Robert Rauschenberg (1925-2008), likewise equally silkscreen printers like Andy Warhol (1928-87), all of whom infused the artform with great vitality.
- engraving
- etching
- giclee prints
- lithography
- screen-printing
- woodcuts
- and more
• Public Art
A vague category of art which encompasses all works paid for past public funds. A more than narrow definition might restrict it to all works designed for a space accessible to the general public. Sadly, most public fine art ends up in stores or offices staffed by public servants!
• Religious Art
Typically compages, or any fine or decorative arts with a religious theme: includes Christian or Islamic, Hindu, Buddhism or whatever of a hundred unlike sects. Meet for case Chinese Buddhist sculpture (c.100 CE - present).
• Stone Art
Traditionally encompasses primitive stone engravings (petroglyphs), relief sculptures, cave painting (pictographs) and megaliths of the Stone Historic period.
• Sand Fine art
Encompasses sand painting (Navajo Indians, Tibetan Buddhists), sand drawing (Vanuatu, formerly New Hebrides), sand sculpture and compages.
• Sculpture
Sculpture is a 3-dimensional work of plastic fine art created either by (1) Carving - in stone, marble, forest, ivory, bone; (two) modelling - from wax or clay, after which it may be bandage in bronze; (3) an assemblage of "found objects". Annotation: Origami paper folding should also be classed as a plastic fine art.
- statue
- relief sculpture
- bronze
- water ice sculpture
- ivory etching
- marble
- stone
- terracotta sculpture
- woods-carving
• Stained Glass Art
The supreme decorative fine art of the Gothic movement, stained glass reached its zenith during the twelfth and 13th centuries when it was created for Christian cathedrals across Europe. Modern stained glass was fabricated in America by John LaFarge and Louis Comfort Tiffany; and on the Continent at the Bauhaus pattern school.Sadly, the creators of the stained glass masterpieces in Chartres and other Gothic cathedrals remain anonymous, yet their skills were kept alive by artists similar Marc Chagall (1887-1985) and Joan Miro (1893-1983), and - in Ireland - by such Irish artists as Harry Clarke (1889-1931), Sarah Purser (1848-43) and Evie Hone (1894-1955).
• Tapestry Art
An ancient type of cloth fine art, tapestry-making flourished in Europe from the Center Ages onwards, at the hands of French and (later) Flemish weavers. The nearly famous works were woven at the Gobelins tapestry and Beauvais tapestry factories in Paris, but encounter likewise the famous Bayeux Tapestry (c.1075) a Romanesque work stitched by Anglo-Saxon and French seamsters, depicting the Norman Conquest of 1066.
• Video Art
Ane of the about recent categories of contemporary expression, pioneered by Andy Warhol and others, video is frequently used in installation fine art, as well as as a stand-lonely art course. Several Turner Prize Winners accept been video artists. The leading video artist of the twentieth century is probably Beak Viola (b.1951), known for his technical and creative mastery of the genre.

World Arts

• Aboriginal Art (Australia)
Introduction to ancient cave painting and petroglyphs from Australasia.
- Australian Colonial Painting (c.1780-1880)
- Australian Impressionism (c.1886-1900)
- Australian Modern Painting (c.1900-60)
• Aegean Art (c.2600-1100 BCE)
Early on Greek culture: features Cycladic, Minoan and Mycenean cultures.
• African Art
Guide to stone paintings, classical African sculpture, art of the African kingdoms, religious and tribal artworks and more.
• American Art
History of painting and other fine arts in America, 1750-present.
• Pre-Columbian Art (Americas)
Architecture, art and crafts of the Americas up to 1535.
• American Indian Art
A largely craft-based culture, specializing in wood carving, textile arts, shell-engraving, basket-making and ceremonial masks.
• American Colonial Art
Eurocentric 17th/18th century portrait painting, miniatures and architecture.
• Asian Art
Arts and crafts from Nippon, Communist china, Korea, SE Asia and the Indian subcontinent.
• Byzantine Art
Principally architecture, panel painting, and mosaics created by artists within the eastern Christian Byzantine empire centred on Constantinople.
• Celtic Art
Includes metalwork of the Hallstatt and La Tene civilization, plus abstract geometric designwork.
• Chinese Fine art
Includes world famous Chinese lacquerware, bronzes, jade carving, terracotta sculpture, Chinese Porcelain, launder-painting and calligraphy. For more, see also Chinese Pottery and Chinese Painting. For a guide to the aesthetic principles backside Oriental arts and crafts, see: Traditional Chinese Fine art: Characteristics.
• Egyptian Art
Embraces mainly tomb artworks - similar panel paintings, Egyptian Sculpture, murals, pottery, metalcraft and Egyptian Pyramids Architecture.
• Etruscan Art
Includes tomb paintings, domestic frescoes, bronze and terracotta sculpture, ornate sarcophagi, goldsmithery and jewellery.
• Flemish Painting
School of highly realistic oil painting - including artists like Jan van Eyck, Roger van der Weyden, Hugo van der Goes, Hans Memling, and others - that strongly influenced the Italian Renaissance.
• Franco-Cantabrian Cave Fine art
Prehistoric parietal works in southern France and northern Spain.
• French Painting
Follows the French School (1400-1900) from medieval book painting to late 19th century Symbolism.
• German language Expressionism
The most famous style of art from Federal republic of germany. Merely see besides our articles on German Medieval Fine art (c.800-1250), the German Renaissance (1430-1580) and the German Baroque (c.1550-1750).
• Greek Art
Highly innovative, technically accomplished, Greek artists prepare the standard in all forms of fine, applied and decorative art, notably painting, sculpture, architecture and drinking glass mosaic.
• Greek Pottery
Includes a range of ceramic designs from dissimilar areas of ancient Greece, such as Geometric style, Oriental Way, Black-Figure Style and Red-Figure Style.
• Greek Sculpture
Includes sculptural masterpieces similar Discobolus by Myron; Wounded Amazon by Polykleitos; Apollo Belvedere past Leochares; Laocoon by Hagesandrus, Athenodoros & Polydorus; Aphrodite of Melos (Venus de Milo) by Andros of Antioch.
• India: Painting & Sculpture
Includes prehistoric cupules and petroglyphs, ivory and bronze figurines, Buddhist frescoes, miniature paintings, and supreme works of Moghal compages, similar the Taj Mahal (1632-54).
• Irish gaelic Art
Includes (painting): portraiture, topographical landscape, 19th century history paintings and 20th century genre-works and however lifes; (sculpture): Stone and bronzework by traditional, Gaelic, modern and contemporary Irish gaelic sculptors.
• Islamic Art
Embraces many categories of creativity including, mosque-compages, ceramics, faience mosaics, lustre-ware, relief sculpture, wood and ivory carving, friezes, cartoon, painting, calligraphy, book-gilding, lacquer-painted bookbinding, textile pattern, goldsmithery, gemstone carving, and others.
• Renaissance Art in Italy
Beginning in Florence, it spread to Rome and Venice earlier existence taken up by painters and sculptors across Europe.
• Japanese Art
Cursory guide to four of the master visual arts in Japan, including: Buddhist Temple art, Zen ink-painting, Yamato-eastward, and Ukiyo-eastward woodblock prints.
• Jewish Art
A await at Ashkenazi, Sephardi and Oriental Jewish art, crafts and archeological artifacts. Encounter besides Holocaust Art, principally Jewish art of the Shoah.
• Korean Fine art
Initially influenced by prehistoric Siberian culture, then by Chinese craft, Korea in plough influenced the evolution of several artforms in Japan.
• Mesopotamian Art
A brief guide to Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian culture in the land betwixt the Tigris and Euphrates. For more details about certain national styles, run across: "Sumerian art" (c.4500-2270 BCE), "Assyrian art" (c.1500-612 BCE), "Hittite fine art" (c.1600-1180 BCE). See also: Mesopotamian Sculpture.
• Minoan Art
Covers sculpture, fresco painting, pottery, rock carvings (notably seal stones), jewellery and the palace compages of Knossos, Phaestus, Akrotiri, Kato Zakros and Mallia.
• Mycenean Art
Embraces Tholos tomb architecture, precious metalwork, and early Greek plastic arts.
• Oceanic Art
This umbrella term refers to arts and crafts produced by indigenous native peoples within the Melanesia, Polynesia and Federated states of micronesia zones of the Pacific Ocean.
• Farsi Fine art
Encompasses monumental rock sculptures, bas-reliefs, ceramics, mosaics, metalwork, frescoes, illuminated manuscripts, calligraphy, carpet-making, silk-weaving and architectural designs.
• Roman Fine art
Noted for its historical relief sculptures (eg. Trajan'south Column) and its practical architecture (bridges, aquaducts, roads), ancient Rome was also responsible for producing unique copies of many original Greek sculptures, without which many Hellenic treasures would have been lost forever.
• Russian Art
Prehistoric sculpture and the history of painting 30,000 BCE to 1920.
• Spanish Painting
Follows Iberian fine art (1500-1970), from El Greco to Antoni Tapies.
• Tribal Art
Short guide to the traditional art of tribal societies in Republic of india, Africa, the South Pacific, Australasia, Alaska and the Americas. Too known as Primitive Native Art, the category is sometimes extended to include certain early European artworks (eg. Celtic La Tene). It primarily consists of stoneworks (sculpture, temples), earthworks, and petroglyphs.
• Viking Art
Norse art mainly consists of portable artworks, like busy trunk armour, drinking horns, pagan icons, paddles, and modest-scale carvings in amber, jet, os, walrus ivory and wood.

Styles and Genres

• Abstract Art
Strictly speaking, abstract artworks derive from not-natural subjects such as geometric shapes, although wider definitions embrace all not-representational works. Types of geometric abstraction are also called concrete art, or more confusingly not-objective fine art. Both these terms mean the same.
• Representational Art
This describes images that are clearly recognizable for what they purport to be. Past contrast, abstract fine art consists of pictures that lack any articulate identity, and must therefore be interpreted by the viewer.
• Figure Drawing and Figure Painting
Including representational drawing from life.
• History Painting
Derived from the Italian word "istoria" (meaning, "narrative"), history painting - exemplified by Leonardo Davinci's piece of work The Last Supper - tells noble stories or carries uplifting messages, and was considered to be No 1 in the Hierarchy of Painting Genres.
• Portrait Art
Embracing individual, grouping or self-portraits, this genre - exemplified past Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-69) - was considered to be No 2 in the Hierarchy of Painting Genres.
• Genre Painting
Championed by 17th century Dutch Realists, such as Jan Vermeer (1632-75), this category of "everyday scenes" was seen equally No 3 in the Hierarchy of Painting Genres.
• Landscape Painting
Comprising scenic views in which nature takes primacy over human figures, this was rated No 4 in the Hierarchy of Painting Genres.
• All the same Life Painting
This genre - exemplified by Frans Snyders (1579-1657) - typically comprised an arrangement of objects (flowers, kitchen utensils etc.) laid out on a table. For moralistic still lifes, see: Vanitas Painting (17th century Holland) past Dutch artists like Harmen van Steenwyck (1612-56), January Davidsz de Heem (1606-83), Willem Kalf (1622-93) and Willem Claesz Heda (1594-1681). Because they were devoid of human representation, still lifes were regarded every bit the least important type of painting.

• For more virtually the classification of the visual arts, see: Homepage.

---

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ART
© visual-arts-cork.com. All rights reserved.

polingfromete.blogspot.com

Source: http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/art-types.htm

Share this post