The Architect a Weekly Illustrated Journal of Art 1869

British weekly illustrated newspaper

The Graphic was a British weekly illustrated newspaper, kickoff published on 4 December 1869 by William Luson Thomas'southward visitor Illustrated Newspapers Ltd. Thomas'south brother Lewis Samuel Thomas was a co-founder. The premature expiry of the latter in 1872 "equally one of the founders of this paper, [and who] took an agile interest in its direction" left a marked gap in the early history of the publication.^[i] It was ready every bit a rival to the pop Illustrated London News.

The influence of The Graphic within the fine art globe was immense, its many admirers included Vincent van Gogh, and Hubert von Herkomer.^[2]

Information technology connected to be published weekly nether this championship until 23 April 1932 and then changed championship to The National Graphic betwixt 28 April and 14 July 1932; it and then ceased publication, after 3,266 issues. From 1890 until 1926, Luson Thomas's company, H. R. Baines & Co., published The Daily Graphic .

Background [edit]

An illustration from the newspaper from 1884

The Graphic was founded by William Luson Thomas, a successful artist, woods-engraver and social reformer. Earlier he, his blood brother and his blood brother-in-law had been persuaded to go to New York and assistance in launching two newspapers, Moving picture Gallery and Democracy. Thomas likewise had an engraving establishment of his own and, aided past a big staff, illustrated and engraved numerous standard works.^[3] Exasperated, even angered, by the unsympathetic treatment of artists by the world's most successful illustrated paper, The Illustrated London News, and having a good business organisation sense Luson Thomas resolved to set upwards an opposition. His illustrated paper, despite being more expensive than its competition, became an immediate success.^[ii]

Realisation [edit]

When it began in 1869, the newspaper was printed in a rented house. By 1882, the company endemic three buildings and twenty printing presses, and employed more than ane,000 people. The first editor was Henry Sutherland Edwards. A successful artist himself, the founder Thomas recruited gifted artists including Luke Fildes, Hubert von Herkomer, Frank Holl, and John Everett Millais.

The Graphic was published on a Saturday and its original encompass toll was sixpence, while the Illustrated London News was fivepence.^[2] In its first year, it described itself to advertisers equally "a superior illustrated weekly newspaper, containing twenty-four pages imperial folio, printed on fine toned paper of beautiful quality, made expressly for the purpose and admirably adjusted for the display of engravings".

In improver to its habitation market place the paper had subscribers all around the British Empire and Northward America. The Graphic covered home news and news from around the Empire, and devoted much attention to literature, arts, sciences, the fashionable world, sport, music and opera. Purple occasions and national celebrations and ceremonials were besides given prominent coverage.

Artists [edit]

Artists employed on The Graphic and The Daily Graphic at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century included Helen Allingham, Edmund Blampied, Alexander Boyd, Frank Brangwyn, Randolph Caldecott, Lance Calkin Léon Daviel, John Charles Dollman, James H. Dowd, Godefroy Durand, Luke Fildes, Harry Furniss, John Percival Gülich, George du Maurier, Phil May, George Percy Jacomb-Hood, Ernest Prater, Leonard Raven-Hill, Sidney Sime, Snaffles (Charles Johnson Payne), George Stampa, Edmund Sullivan, Bert Thomas, F. H. Townsend, Harrison Weir, and Henry Woods.

The notable illustrator Henry William Brewer, contributed a regular illustrated article on compages to the mag for 25 years, until his death in 1903.^{[iv] [5]}

Writers [edit]

Writers for the newspaper included George Eliot, Thomas Hardy, H. Rider Haggard and Anthony Trollope.^[6] Malcolm Charles Salaman was employed in that location from 1890 to 1899. Beatrice Grimshaw travelled the South Pacific reporting on her experiences for the Daily Graphic.^[7] Mary Frances Billington served the Graphic equally a special correspondent from 1890 to 1897, reporting from India in essays that were compiled into Woman in India (1895).^[eight] Joseph Ashby-Sterry wrote the Bystander column for the paper for 18 years.

Weekly topics [edit]

• Topics of the Week: 12 paragraphs of news coverage.
• Amusements: A roundup of activities for the calendar week, for the middle-class reader.
• Our illustrations: a summary of all the illustrations in the edition.
• Home: a summary of the news in Britain.
• Church news
• Legal: Trials and Cases of interest to the target reader.
• A weekly serial written past popular authors of the time, such as William Blackness (although this seemed to appear in the 1880s).
• Volume reviews
• A summary of the new developments in science.
• Rural notes: information nigh the season and tips most crops, and other news concerning the rampant unrest of the farm labourers.
• New Music: Reviews of the latest music and musicals.
• Obituaries: of Church leaders, factory owners, European Royalty, musicians and noteworthy Victorians.
• Sport: coverage of football and cricket (with Westward.G. Grace)
• Motoring: c. 1903–1908 Dorothy Levitt, The Fastest Daughter on Earth, wrote a column on motoring from the point of view of 'A woman'south correct to motor'. A collection of her articles formed the ground of the book The Woman and the Car: A communicative little handbook for all women who motor or who want to motor in 1907/9.

There were at to the lowest degree three pages dedicated to advertizement, with many adverts for toothpaste, soap products and 'miracle-cure' pills.

Innovations [edit]

The Graphic was designed to compete with the Illustrated London News (established in 1842), and became its almost successful rival. Earlier rivals such as the Illustrated Times and the Pictorial Times had either failed to compete or been merged with the ILN. It appealed to the same middle-form readership, only The Graphic, as its proper noun suggests, was intended to utilise images in a more brilliant and striking way than the rather staid ILN. To this end it employed some of the nearly of import artists of the twenty-four hours, making an immediate splash in 1869 with Houseless and Hungry, Luke Fildes' dramatic image of the shivering London poor seeking shelter in a workhouse.

It is much more difficult to produce and print illustrations than blazon. Improvements in process work and machinery at the end of the 1880s allowed Luson Thomas to realise a long-cherished project, a daily illustrated newspaper.^[3]

The Daily Graphic [edit]

On 4 Jan 1890, Luson Thomas's company, H. R. Baines & Co., commenced publication of the start daily illustrated paper in England, which was called The Daily Graphic.^[a] Information technology was published until 16 Oct 1926, when it was incorporated with the Daily Sketch.^[9]

Demise [edit]

Luson Thomas's seventh son George Holt Thomas was a director of the newspaper company and became general director. Holt Thomas founded The Bystander and afterward Empire Illustrated before abandoning newspapers in 1906 and making a greater name for himself in the aviation industry.^[ten]

On 15 August 1932, Fourth dimension magazine reported the name change to The National Graphic and editor William Comyns Beaumont of The Bystander took over, replacing Alan John Bott.^[xi]

References [edit]

1. ^ This newspaper is not to exist confused with its American precursor of the aforementioned name, published between 1873 and 1889, which was the commencement American daily illustrated newspaper.

1. ^ The Graphic, 16 March 1872, p.243.
2. ^ ^{a b c} Marking Bills, "Thomas, William Luson (1830–1900)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004
3. ^ ^{a b} Mr William Luson Thomas, Obituary. The Times, Thursday, October xviii, 1900; pg. 7; Issue 36276
4. ^ "Henry William Brewer". British Map Engravers – A Supplement. British Map Engravers. Retrieved half-dozen Dec 2021.
5. ^ "The Late Mr H West Brewer". The Norfolk News. 24 October 1903.
6. ^ "Imperial Views". www.library.yale.edu. Archived from the original on 2000-08-sixteen.
7. ^ "DANGERS OF PEARL DIVING". The Queenslander. eighteen March 1905. p. 40. Retrieved 10 December 2011 – via National Library of Australia.
8. ^ Fred Hunter, "Billington, Mary Frances (1862–1925)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press 2004).
9. ^ "Victorian Illustrated Newspapers and Journals". British Library . Retrieved 27 Jan 2018.
10. ^ Vincent Orange, 'Thomas, George Holt (1870–1929)', Oxford Lexicon of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004
11. ^ Time Magazine: "Eight Less One", August 15, 1925

• Mitchell's Newspaper Printing Directory, 1870
• The Reference Specialist British Library Newspapers

Further reading [edit]

• Police, Graham. Indexes to Fiction in The Illustrated London News (1842–1901) and the Graphic, (1869–1901). Victorian Fiction Research Guides 29, Victorian Fiction Research Unit of measurement, Department of English language, University of Queensland, 2001.
• Waterloo Directory of English language Newspapers and Periodicals 1800–1900 (Canada: North Waterloo Academic Press, 2003)
• The Newspaper Press in Britain: an annotated bibliography (London:Mansell Publishing, 1987).

External links [edit]

• A history of The Graphic newspaper & staff, with image of the newspaper's engraving room in 1882.
• Publication dates (British Library website)
• The Graphic archives at HathiTrust

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Graphic

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